Does Web 2.0 utilisation lead to knowledge quality,improvisational creativity,compositional creativity,and innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises? A sense-making perspective

A few attempts were made to investigate how sense making is triggered through Web 2.0 utilisation and how it enables the accomplishment of key organisational outcomes. The objective of this research is to examine the structural relationship between Web 2.0 utilisation, knowledge quality (KQ) aspects, improvisational creativity, compositional creativity, and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) innovativeness in an emerging market – Malaysia. Built upon sense-making theory, this study proposes that sense making is a progression of four formative constructs. Empirical analyses are based on a sample from SMEs’ top management (N?=?358, response rate?=?21%) using partial least squares approach. The findings indicate that Web 2.0 utilisation influences business entities’ sense-making activities in the way they realise the intrinsic value of knowledge and take action to apply the organisational knowledge. These sense-making activities are conducive to improvisational and compositional creativity of SMEs as well. Contributions, managerial implications, and limitations are discussed.     

Overcoming localization of knowledge — the role of professional service firms

The literature on organizational learning asserts that external learning is often limited geographically and technologically. We scrutinize to what extent organizations acquire external knowledge by accessing external knowledge repositories. We argue that professional service firms (PSFs) grant access to nonlocalized knowledge repositories and thereby not only facilitate external learning but also help to overcome localization. Focusing on patent law firms, we test our predictions using a unique dataset of 544,820 pairs of European patent applications. Analyzing patterns of knowledge flows captured in patent citations, we find that accessing a PSF's repository facilitates the acquisition of external knowledge. As the effect is more pronounced for knowledge that is distant to a focal organization, we conclude that having access to a knowledge repository compensates for localization disadvantages. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

通识知识学习对学生就业能力培养的意义分析

日益激烈的人才竞争对学生的就业能力提出了新的、更高层次的要求,通识知识的学习是培养学生的人文素质和综合职业素质的重要途径和方法,本文通过对通识知识学习的深入分析,探讨了通识学习对于提高学生就业能力的影响和意义。     

Indigenous Peoples,Resource Extraction and Sustainable Development: An Ethical Approach

Resource extraction companies worldwide are involved with Indigenous peoples. Historically these interactions have been antagonistic, yet there is a growing public expectation for improved ethical performance of resource industries to engage with Indigenous peoples. (Crawley and Sinclair, Journal of Business Ethics 45, 361–373 (2003)) proposed an ethical model for human resource practices with Indigenous peoples in Australian mining companies. This paper expands on this work by re-framing the discussion within the context of sustainable development, extending it to Canada, and generalizing to other resource industries. We argue that it is unethical to sacrifice the viability of Indigenous cultures for industrial resource extraction; it is ethical to engage with indigenous peoples in a manner consistent with their wishes and needs as they perceive them. We apply these ideas to a case study in the coastal temperate rainforest of Clayoquot Sound, British Columbia, Canada. In this case a scientific panel comprised of Nuu-Chah-Nulth elders, forest scientists and management professionals, achieved full consensus on developing sustainable forest practice standards by drawing equally on Indigenous traditional ecological knowledge and Western science in the context of one of the most heated and protracted environmental conflicts in Canadian history. The resulting sustainable forest practice standards were later adopted by leading forestry firms operating on the coast. Our analysis of this scientific panels success provides the basis for advancing an ethical approach to sustainable development with Indigenous peoples. This ethical approach is applicable to companies working in natural resource industries where the territories of Indigenous peoples are involved.David Lertzman Ph.D. is Adjunct Assistant Professor of Environmental Management and Sustainable Development and Senior Associate with the TransCanada International Institute for Resource Industries and Sustainability Studies at the Haskayne School of Business, University of Calgary. He teaches courses on Sustainable Development With Indigenous Peoples at the Graduate and Undergraduate levels, and in the MSc Program in Sustainable Energy Development for Latin America and the Caribbean. Dr. Lertzman also teaches a Wilderness Retreat on Leadership for Sustainable Development in the MBA program. He is a private consultant and has worked in many Indigenous communities, mostly in Western Canada.Harrie Vredenburg Ph.D. is Professor and Suncor Energy Chair in Competitive Strategy and Sustainable Development at the Haskayne School of Business at the University of Calgary where he is also Director of the TransCanada International Institute for Resource Industries and Sustainability Studies. He teaches in Haskaynes MBA and PhD programs. He is also Academic Chair of the MSc program in Sustainable Energy Development for Latin America and the Caribbean offered by the Haskayne School of Business at the Quito Ecuador campus of regional partner, the Latin American Energy Organization (OLADE). He regularly teaches in the Latin American program.     

企业技术系统的知识构成和特征分析

随着科学技术的发展,知识已经成为经济运行中各环节不可或缺的关键资源和经济发展的最重要驱动力。揭示企业技术与知识之间的内在联系,已经成为知识管理不可回避的基本问题。技术的本质是服从于实践目的的知识体系。从实体、智能、工艺三方面分析技术的知识构成以及企业技术系统的知识特征     

Internet versus bricks-and-mortar retailers: An investigation into intangibility and its consequences

Intangibility has long been studied as a unidimensional construct with the focus being placed upon the physical element. This paper explores the effects of three unique intangibility dimensions on a consumer's ability to evaluate goods and services, and the perceived risk (PR) associated with the transaction. The authors examine these relationships in purchase environments that include both traditional bricks-and-mortar retailers and the Internet. Their investigation further incorporates prior knowledge as a moderating factor into the proposed framework. This allows for a thorough comparison of the effects and relationships that exist between intangibility and its consequences in general, evaluation difficulty (ED) and perceived risk (PR) in particular. The authors develop hypotheses pertaining to the proposed model and test them with two experiments. The empirical results are broadly supportive of the hypotheses. Theoretical and managerial implications to the services marketing literature are discussed.     

寿险营销人员知识素质结构与寿险业发展相关性研究

本文认为,寿险营销人员知识素质水平的高低直接影响着寿险公司的信誉和寿险市场的健康发展,它们之间成正相关关系.当前我国寿险营销人员知识水平普遍不高,对专业知识缺乏系统、深入的了解;综合能力不够,不能适应市场要求;职业素质良莠不齐,误导客户的现象时有发生;部分营销人员敬业、奉献精神不足,寿险营销队伍很不稳定.这些都已经严重影响到了我国寿险业的公信力和信誉度,影响到了寿险业的可持续发展.文章提出,为促进寿险业可持续发展,必须高度认识提高寿险营销人员知识水平和素质的必要性和迫切性;通过政府主管部门和寿险公司等多方面努力,多管齐下抓好寿险营销队伍建设;依托高等院校,培养高素质创新型、复合型寿险营销人才.     

基于知识结构竞争优势的企业成长

本文认为,知识经济时代,企业面临的竞争环境发生了巨大的变化,不确定性增加,知识成为企业真正持久的竞争优势的源泉;企业作为知识的一个载体,有其自身的知识结构,不同的企业知识结构形成不同的竞争优势,造就了企业不同的成长速率。文章提出,基于知识结构竞争优势的企业成长研究是对现有企业成长理论的创新和深化,为构造企业知识结构的竞争优势,促进企业持续成长,必须从存量和增量两方面优化企业的知识结构;重视人才,提高人力资源流动自由度;选择关联度较高的产业领域;保持持续不断地创新。     

论知识经济条件下FDI的区位选择

随着经济的发展，越来越多的企业纷纷打破国界限制，进行对外直接投资。知识经济时代，以知识、技术资源为代表的生产要素日益重要，给砌的区位选择带来了影响，并通过跨国公司的投资决策表现出来。本文从分析何为知识经济出发，将国际直接投资的区位选择与社会经济形态的发展过程特点相结合，并对FDI区位选择做出策略性建议。     

知识转移的认知模型及其在企业管理中的应用

知识逐渐成为公司的基础资产,知识转移在组织中越来越重要。技术方法在知识转移中的作用并不令人满意。因此通过知识转移的认知模型,从认知角度分析知识转移困难的原因;及信息技术选择的重要性,以促进知识转移。